fix: harden first-run database setup

backend/src/main/java/com/kaidi/finance/setup/SetupLockedController.java

@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ public class SetupLockedController {
     @GetMapping("/status")
     @PreAuthorize("true")
     public ApiResponse<SetupViews.Status> status() {
-        return ApiResponse.ok(new SetupViews.Status(false, true, List.of("MYSQL"), "系统已完成安装"));
+        return ApiResponse.ok(new SetupViews.Status(false, true, true, List.of("MYSQL"), "系统已完成安装"));
     }
 }

backend/src/main/java/com/kaidi/finance/setup/SetupService.java

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import org.flywaydb.core.Flyway;
+import org.flywaydb.core.api.FlywayException;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
 import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
@@ -37,8 +40,12 @@ import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
 @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "finance.setup.enabled", havingValue = "true")
 public class SetupService {
 
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SetupService.class);
     private static final String MYSQL_PREFIX = "jdbc:mysql://";
     private static final List<String> SUPPORTED_TYPES = List.of(DatabaseType.MYSQL.name());
+    private static final Set<Integer> MYSQL_PERMISSION_ERROR_CODES = Set.of(1044, 1045, 1142, 1227, 1370);
+    private static final long RESTART_TRIGGER_DELAY_MILLIS = 2_000L;
+    private static final int LOGIN_REDIRECT_DELAY_SECONDS = 10;
 
     private final SetupProperties properties;
     private final AtomicBoolean locked = new AtomicBoolean(false);
@@ -56,7 +63,7 @@ public class SetupService {
 
     public SetupViews.Status status() {
         boolean isLocked = locked.get() || Files.exists(Path.of(properties.markerFile()));
-        return new SetupViews.Status(!isLocked, isLocked, SUPPORTED_TYPES,
+        return new SetupViews.Status(!isLocked, isLocked, false, SUPPORTED_TYPES,
             isLocked ? "安装向导已锁定" : "请完成数据库和管理员初始化");
     }
 
@@ -74,8 +81,9 @@ public class SetupService {
                 false, "PostgreSQL 连接可用，但当前 Preview 的业务迁移仅支持 MySQL 8.4");
         }
         ConnectionResult connection = testConnection(settings);
+        validateSchemaForInstallation(settings);
         return new SetupViews.Connection(true, settings.type().name(), connection.version(), true,
-            "MySQL 8.4 连接和 DDL/DML 权限验证通过");
+            "MySQL 8.4 连接和完整迁移权限验证通过");
     }
 
     public SetupViews.Completed complete(SetupContracts.CompleteRequest request) {
@@ -106,7 +114,7 @@ public class SetupService {
         if (properties.restartAfterComplete()) {
             Thread restart = new Thread(() -> {
                 try {
-                    Thread.sleep(750L);
+                    Thread.sleep(RESTART_TRIGGER_DELAY_MILLIS);
                 } catch (InterruptedException exception) {
                     Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                 }
@@ -116,18 +124,13 @@ public class SetupService {
             restart.start();
         }
         return new SetupViews.Completed(true, request.adminUsername(),
-            "安装完成，系统正在切换到正式模式", 10);
+            "安装完成，系统正在切换到正式模式", LOGIN_REDIRECT_DELAY_SECONDS);
     }
 
     private void migrateAndCreateAdministrator(DatabaseSettings settings, SetupContracts.CompleteRequest request) {
         try {
-            ensureCompatibleSchema(settings);
-            Flyway.configure()
-                .dataSource(settings.jdbcUrl(), settings.username(), settings.password())
-                .locations("classpath:db/migration")
-                .cleanDisabled(true)
-                .load()
-                .migrate();
+            validateSchemaForInstallation(settings);
+            flyway(settings).migrate();
             DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(settings.jdbcUrl(), settings.username(),
                 settings.password());
             JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
@@ -137,12 +140,13 @@ public class SetupService {
             if (exception instanceof SetupException setupException) {
                 throw setupException;
             }
+            LOGGER.error("Database migration or administrator initialization failed", exception);
             throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
-                "DATABASE_INITIALIZATION_FAILED", "数据库迁移或管理员初始化失败，请检查账号的 DDL/DML 权限");
+                "DATABASE_INITIALIZATION_FAILED", databaseInitializationFailureMessage(exception));
         }
     }
 
-    private void ensureCompatibleSchema(DatabaseSettings settings) {
+    private boolean ensureCompatibleSchema(DatabaseSettings settings) {
         JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(new DriverManagerDataSource(settings.jdbcUrl(), settings.username(),
             settings.password()));
         Integer tableCount = jdbc.queryForObject("""
@@ -160,7 +164,42 @@ public class SetupService {
                 throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
                     "DATABASE_NOT_EMPTY", "请选择空数据库，或提供已有 Kaidi Flyway 数据库");
             }
+            return true;
         }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void validateSchemaForInstallation(DatabaseSettings settings) {
+        try {
+            if (!ensureCompatibleSchema(settings)) {
+                return;
+            }
+            flyway(settings).validate();
+        } catch (SetupException exception) {
+            throw exception;
+        } catch (FlywayException exception) {
+            LOGGER.error("Database migration history validation failed", exception);
+            throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
+                "DATABASE_MIGRATION_STATE_INVALID",
+                "数据库迁移历史校验失败，请使用空数据库，或先修复已有迁移状态：" + safeErrorMessage(exception));
+        } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
+            LOGGER.error("Database schema inspection failed", exception);
+            SQLException sqlException = findSqlException(exception);
+            String detail = sqlException == null
+                ? "数据库结构检查失败：" + safeErrorMessage(exception)
+                : databaseConnectionFailureMessage(sqlException);
+            throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
+                "DATABASE_SCHEMA_INSPECTION_FAILED", detail);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Flyway flyway(DatabaseSettings settings) {
+        return Flyway.configure()
+            .dataSource(settings.jdbcUrl(), settings.username(), settings.password())
+            .locations("classpath:db/migration")
+            .ignoreMigrationPatterns("*:pending")
+            .cleanDisabled(true)
+            .load();
     }
 
     private void initializeInstallation(JdbcTemplate jdbc, SetupContracts.CompleteRequest request) {
@@ -280,18 +319,148 @@ public class SetupService {
                 throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
                     "MYSQL_VERSION_UNSUPPORTED", "当前版本要求 MySQL 8.4.x，检测到 " + version);
             }
-            String probe = "kaidi_setup_probe_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
-            try {
-                statement.execute("CREATE TABLE " + probe + " (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY)");
-                statement.execute("INSERT INTO " + probe + " (id) VALUES (1)");
-                statement.execute("UPDATE " + probe + " SET id = 2 WHERE id = 1");
-            } finally {
-                statement.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + probe);
-            }
+            verifyMigrationPrivileges(connection, statement, settings.type());
             return new ConnectionResult(true, version);
         } catch (SQLException exception) {
+            LOGGER.warn("Database connection or migration privilege verification failed: SQL state={}, errorCode={}",
+                exception.getSQLState(), exception.getErrorCode(), exception);
             throw new SetupException(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
-                "DATABASE_CONNECTION_FAILED", "数据库连接或 DDL/DML 权限验证失败");
+                "DATABASE_CONNECTION_FAILED", databaseConnectionFailureMessage(exception));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String databaseConnectionFailureMessage(SQLException exception) {
+        if (isPermissionError(exception)) {
+            return "数据库账号缺少完整迁移权限" + sqlErrorSummary(exception);
+        }
+        if (exception.getSQLState() != null && exception.getSQLState().startsWith("08")) {
+            return "数据库连接超时或中断" + sqlErrorSummary(exception);
+        }
+        return "数据库连接或完整迁移权限验证失败" + sqlErrorSummary(exception);
+    }
+
+    private String databaseInitializationFailureMessage(Throwable exception) {
+        SQLException sqlException = findSqlException(exception);
+        if (sqlException != null) {
+            if (isPermissionError(sqlException)) {
+                return "数据库账号缺少完成迁移所需权限" + sqlErrorSummary(sqlException);
+            }
+            if (sqlException.getSQLState() != null && sqlException.getSQLState().startsWith("08")) {
+                return "数据库迁移期间连接超时或中断" + sqlErrorSummary(sqlException);
+            }
+            return "数据库迁移或管理员初始化失败" + sqlErrorSummary(sqlException);
+        }
+        return "数据库迁移或管理员初始化失败：" + safeErrorMessage(exception);
+    }
+
+    private SQLException findSqlException(Throwable exception) {
+        Throwable current = exception;
+        while (current != null) {
+            if (current instanceof SQLException sqlException) {
+                return sqlException;
+            }
+            current = current.getCause();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isPermissionError(SQLException exception) {
+        return MYSQL_PERMISSION_ERROR_CODES.contains(exception.getErrorCode());
+    }
+
+    private String sqlErrorSummary(SQLException exception) {
+        String state = exception.getSQLState() == null ? "UNKNOWN" : exception.getSQLState();
+        return "（SQLState " + state + "，错误码 " + exception.getErrorCode() + "）："
+            + safeErrorMessage(exception);
+    }
+
+    private String safeErrorMessage(Throwable exception) {
+        Throwable current = exception;
+        while (current.getCause() != null) {
+            current = current.getCause();
+        }
+        String message = current.getMessage() == null ? current.getClass().getSimpleName() : current.getMessage();
+        String sanitized = message.replaceAll("(?i)(password|pwd)=([^\\s&;]+)", "$1=***")
+            .replaceAll("\\s+", " ").trim();
+        return sanitized.length() <= 240 ? sanitized : sanitized.substring(0, 240) + "...";
+    }
+
+    private void verifyMigrationPrivileges(Connection connection, Statement statement, DatabaseType databaseType)
+        throws SQLException {
+        String suffix = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
+        String parentTable = "kaidi_setup_probe_parent_" + suffix;
+        String childTable = "kaidi_setup_probe_child_" + suffix;
+        String foreignKey = "fk_setup_probe_" + suffix;
+        String index = "idx_setup_probe_" + suffix;
+        String routine = "kaidi_setup_probe_routine_" + suffix;
+        String temporaryTable = "kaidi_setup_probe_temp_" + suffix;
+        try {
+            statement.execute("CREATE TABLE " + parentTable + " (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY)");
+            if (databaseType == DatabaseType.MYSQL) {
+                statement.execute("CREATE TABLE " + childTable
+                    + " (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, parent_id INT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT " + foreignKey
+                    + " FOREIGN KEY (parent_id) REFERENCES " + parentTable + " (id))");
+                statement.execute("ALTER TABLE " + childTable + " ADD COLUMN note VARCHAR(32) NULL");
+                statement.execute("CREATE INDEX " + index + " ON " + childTable + " (parent_id)");
+                statement.execute("CREATE PROCEDURE " + routine + "() SELECT 1 AS probe_value");
+                try (Statement call = connection.createStatement();
+                     ResultSet result = call.executeQuery("CALL " + routine + "()")) {
+                    if (!result.next() || result.getInt(1) != 1) {
+                        throw new SQLException("Migration privilege routine probe returned an invalid result");
+                    }
+                }
+                statement.execute("INSERT INTO " + parentTable + " (id) VALUES (1)");
+                statement.execute("INSERT INTO " + childTable + " (id, parent_id, note) VALUES (1, 1, 'probe')");
+                try (ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery("SELECT note FROM " + childTable + " WHERE id = 1")) {
+                    if (!result.next() || !"probe".equals(result.getString(1))) {
+                        throw new SQLException("Migration privilege SELECT probe returned an invalid result");
+                    }
+                }
+                statement.execute("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE " + temporaryTable
+                    + " (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY)");
+                statement.execute("INSERT INTO " + temporaryTable + " (id) VALUES (1)");
+                statement.execute("DROP TEMPORARY TABLE " + temporaryTable);
+                statement.execute("UPDATE " + childTable + " SET note = 'verified' WHERE id = 1");
+                statement.execute("DELETE FROM " + childTable + " WHERE id = 1");
+                statement.execute("DELETE FROM " + parentTable + " WHERE id = 1");
+            } else {
+                statement.execute("INSERT INTO " + parentTable + " (id) VALUES (1)");
+                statement.execute("UPDATE " + parentTable + " SET id = 2 WHERE id = 1");
+                statement.execute("DELETE FROM " + parentTable + " WHERE id = 2");
+            }
+        } catch (SQLException exception) {
+            cleanupProbeObjects(statement, databaseType, routine, temporaryTable, childTable, parentTable, exception);
+            throw exception;
+        }
+        cleanupProbeObjects(statement, databaseType, routine, temporaryTable, childTable, parentTable, null);
+    }
+
+    private void cleanupProbeObjects(Statement statement, DatabaseType databaseType, String routine,
+                                     String temporaryTable, String childTable, String parentTable,
+                                     SQLException original)
+        throws SQLException {
+        SQLException cleanupFailure = null;
+        List<String> cleanupStatements = databaseType == DatabaseType.MYSQL
+            ? List.of("DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS " + routine, "DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS " + temporaryTable,
+                "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + childTable, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + parentTable)
+            : List.of("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + childTable, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + parentTable);
+        for (String sql : cleanupStatements) {
+            try {
+                statement.execute(sql);
+            } catch (SQLException exception) {
+                if (cleanupFailure == null) {
+                    cleanupFailure = exception;
+                } else {
+                    cleanupFailure.addSuppressed(exception);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (cleanupFailure != null) {
+            if (original != null) {
+                original.addSuppressed(cleanupFailure);
+            } else {
+                throw cleanupFailure;
+            }
         }
     }
 

backend/src/main/java/com/kaidi/finance/setup/SetupViews.java

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ public final class SetupViews {
     public record Status(
         boolean required,
         boolean locked,
+        boolean ready,
         List<String> supportedDatabaseTypes,
         String message
     ) {

backend/src/test/java/com/kaidi/finance/setup/SetupApplicationIntegrationTest.java

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ class SetupApplicationIntegrationTest {
         ResponseEntity<JsonNode> initial = rest.getForEntity(url("/api/v1/setup/status"), JsonNode.class);
         assertThat(initial.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.OK);
         assertThat(initial.getBody().path("data").path("required").asBoolean()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(initial.getBody().path("data").path("ready").asBoolean()).isFalse();
 
         Map<String, Object> database = databaseRequest("wrong-code");
         ResponseEntity<JsonNode> denied = rest.postForEntity(url("/api/v1/setup/test-connection"),
@@ -76,6 +77,22 @@ class SetupApplicationIntegrationTest {
         assertThat(tested.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.OK);
         assertThat(tested.getBody().path("data").path("successful").asBoolean()).isTrue();
         assertThat(tested.getBody().path("data").path("schemaReady").asBoolean()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(tested.getBody().path("data").path("message").asText()).contains("完整迁移权限验证通过");
+
+        try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(MYSQL.getJdbcUrl(), MYSQL.getUsername(),
+            MYSQL.getPassword()); Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
+            try (ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery("""
+                SELECT
+                  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables
+                   WHERE table_schema = DATABASE() AND table_name LIKE 'kaidi_setup_probe_%')
+                  +
+                  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.routines
+                   WHERE routine_schema = DATABASE() AND routine_name LIKE 'kaidi_setup_probe_%')
+                """)) {
+                result.next();
+                assertThat(result.getInt(1)).isZero();
+            }
+        }
 
         Map<String, Object> complete = new LinkedHashMap<>(database);
         complete.put("adminUsername", "setup-admin");
@@ -121,6 +138,7 @@ class SetupApplicationIntegrationTest {
         ResponseEntity<JsonNode> locked = rest.getForEntity(url("/api/v1/setup/status"), JsonNode.class);
         assertThat(locked.getBody().path("data").path("required").asBoolean()).isFalse();
         assertThat(locked.getBody().path("data").path("locked").asBoolean()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(locked.getBody().path("data").path("ready").asBoolean()).isFalse();
     }
 
     private Map<String, Object> databaseRequest(String setupCode) {

backend/src/test/java/com/kaidi/finance/setup/SetupReadinessTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package com.kaidi.finance.setup;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+
+class SetupReadinessTest {
+
+    private static final String TOKEN_SHA256 =
+        "9158568c96987884c8141d363daceffda86bb17083054b36105934090aa7e166";
+
+    @TempDir
+    private Path stateRoot;
+
+    @Test
+    void distinguishesLockedSetupModeFromReadyApplicationMode() {
+        SetupProperties properties = new SetupProperties(true, TOKEN_SHA256,
+            stateRoot.resolve("application.env").toString(), stateRoot.resolve("locked").toString(), false);
+
+        SetupViews.Status setupMode = new SetupService(properties).status();
+        SetupViews.Status applicationMode = new SetupLockedController().status().data();
+
+        assertThat(setupMode.required()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(setupMode.ready()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(applicationMode.required()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(applicationMode.locked()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(applicationMode.ready()).isTrue();
+    }
+}